Lined pipe



1,644,361 B. TALBOT LINED RIPE Original Filed Jlily 5, 1924 Oct. 4 1927.

,. ii i g0 Ar Patented Oct. 4, 1927.

UNITED :STATES' r -raur ori-"ica.

BENJ MIN TALBOT, or mnnnnsnnouen, ENGLAND; AssmNonTro 'rALBor NoN- connosrvn LINnies COMPANY, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A conpon TIQN or DELAWARE.

LINED PIPE.

Original application filed July 5, 1924, Serial No. 724,53B,-and in Great Britain July 31, 1928. Divided and this application filed September 14, 1935. Serial No. 56,391.

The present invention relates to the lining of metal pipes and other bodies of cylindrical bore by centrifugal action with tar, pitch, bitumen or other hydrocarbons which are solid at ordinary temperature, to protect them from rust, and. so increase their length of time in service.

The principle of'lining pipes by means of centrifugal action'and also the making of concrete or cement pipes on the same principle is well known, and it has also been previously proposed to line concrete or cemcntpipes with bitumen.

In the lining of metal pipes in this manner with hydrocarbons as mentioned above it is not feasible for various reasons to have a lining of the desired thickness of the me material used; whilst on the other han in many cases it is desirable that the surface at any rate of the lining should be of pure material.

.To attain this result, instead of using the pure hydrocarbon or the like, solid at ordinary temperature, I mix with it a large pr portion of reinforcing material, such as granite or other suitable material, ground v to a sufliciently fine state. This-mixture is heated so that the pitch or other hydrocarbon is in a fluid state and applied to the interior of the pipe to be lined by means of centrifugal action, and forthe. purpose of keeping the hydrocarbon mixture liquid whllst the lining is being spun, I heatthe interior. of the pipe to a suflicient temperature when necessary. The accompanying drawing is a section of pipe drawn on an exaggerated scalezto illustrate the decrease in the percentage of solid material toward the inner surface in accordance with my in- 'tageously be added, the lime tending to vention.

I introduce the mixturepreferably by and the centrifugal action results in the mixture being spread uniformly oqer the interior of the pipe and also has a. further result that the ground granite or other suit-.

able powdery reinforcing material 2, owingto its greater specific gravity, is forced to the outer surface .of the lining, that is to inforcing material.

say, the face of the lining next to the pipe,

and the particles are bound together by the hydrocarbon 3. By revolving the pipe at a suflicient speed, the particles of reinforcing material are forced by centrifugal action 1 towards the wall of the pipe, leaving on the "exposed face of the lining a comparatively bon exposed surface is obtained 'ata considerably lower'cost and of greater strength than if the entire lining were made of pure hydrocarbon by itself.v 1

, After the lining has been applied in this manner the whole is cooled to a suitable temperature whilst the pipe is still revolving, so that the inner exposed surface of hydrocarbon becomes sufliciently solid not to run when the centrifugal action ceases, and is of an even glossy surface, which is so (le sirable for the flow ofwater or other liq? uids. To effect this cooling of the lining it may be convenient to spray the outside of the steel pipe, when such is used, by means ofwater, preferably applied fairly equally by jets along its entire length, or the cooling'may be effected by means'of air drawn or forced through the interior of the pipe.

I have found that the hydrocarbon mixor the like I have found a mixture of bitumen, pitch and anthrac'ene oil to give good results when intimately mixed with the re- A small percentageof rosin, lime, sulphur, resin, etc. may advanneutralize and saponify any tar acids present.

' The effect of the addition of sulphur is to render the lining tougher and more flex- .ible, so that for example if the hydrocarbon used is a bitumen of low melting point, the

addition of sulphur raises the melting point and at the same time gives a product of greater flexibility than is usual with bitumens of a higher melting. point. The proportion of sulphur added is of the order of 10% of the amount of bitumen or other similar hydrocarbon but the precise proportion is dependent upon the character of the hydrocarbon. It is generally preferred to add the sulphur to the bltumen before the admixture of the latter with the owdered loading material, the sulphur and itumen being maintained in a liquid condition preferably with constant agitation until the evolution of gas practlcally ceases lining process.

and a considerable proportion of-the sulphur has been given off. Alternatively the powdered loading material may be mixed with the bitumen before the addition of the sul-' phur or simultaneously therewith.

A suitable mixture of hydrocarbon and loading material is about 30 per cent of the former and 70 per cent of the latter, but this proportion and the degree of fineness of the powdered loading material may vary considof a softer quality than thelast lot which forms the exposed surface, this latter being preferably quite thin and composed largely of bitumen.

This application is a division of my applicatiom Serial No. 724,538, upon which Letters Patent of the United States No. 1,555,257, issued on September 29, 1925.

. Having thus described the nature of the said invention and the best means I know of carrying the same into practical effect, I claim v 1. As a new article of manufacture, a metallic body of cylindrical bore having an internal lining comprising a mixture of a hydrocarbon material and a powdery reinforcing material, the precentage of reinforcng material present 1n the lining inc-reas- 1ng from 1ts inner or exposed surface to- .Wards the surface in contact with the pipe.

2. As a new article of -manufacture, a metalllc body of cylindrical bore lined with a mlxture of a hydrocarbon material and a powdery reenforcing material, the exposed surface of the said lining being smooth and glossy and comparatively free from the reenforcin material while the interior portion of the lming has a greater proportion of reenforcing material.

3. As a new article of manufacture, a metallic body of cylindrical bore having a lining consisting of a mixture of a' hydrocarbon material and a powdery reenforcing material together with a relatively small percentage of sulphur, the exposed surface of the said lining being smooth and glossy and comparatively free from the reenforcing material.-

4. As a new article of manufacture, a metallic body-of cylindrical bore having an internal lining formed in a plurality of .layers each comprising a mixture of a hydrocarbon material and apowdery reinforcing material in different proportions, the surface layer being composed largely'of hydrocarbon materia In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

ENJAMIN TALBOT. 

